PROPIONIC ACID

PRODUCT IDENTIFICATION

CAS NO. 79-09-4, 784139-72-6

PROPIONIC ACID

EINECS NO. 201-176-3
FORMULA CH3CH2COOH
MOL WT. 74.08
H.S. CODE 2915.50.1000

TOXICITY

Oral rat LD50: 2600 mg/kg
SYNONYMS Hydroacrylic acid; Carboxyethane; Methylacetic acid;
C-3 Acid; Metacetonic acid; Pseudoacetic acid; Ethylformic Acid; Ethanecarboxylic Acid; Acide Propionique; Kyselina Propionova; Propanyl acid;
SMILES C(=O)(CC)O

CLASSIFICATION

Fungicide, Bactericide, Preservative, Acidifying agent

EXTRA NOTES

UN1848 [Corrosive]

PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES

PHYSICAL STATE clear liquid
MELTING POINT - 21 - - 20 C
BOILING POINT

140.7 - 141.7 C

SPECIFIC GRAVITY 0.990 - 0.998
SOLUBILITY IN WATER

miscible  

SOLVENT SOLUBILITY

soluble in almost conventional organic solvents and alcohol.

AUTOIGNITION

485 C

VAPOR DENSITY  
pKa 4.875 (at 25 C)
log P 0.33 (Octanol-water)
VAPOR PRESSURE 3.53 (mmHg)
HENRY LAW CONSTANT 4.45E-07 (atm-m3/mole at 25 C)
OH RATE CONSTANT 1.22E-12 (cm3/molecule-sec at 25 C Atmospheric)
NFPA RATINGS Health: 3; Flammability: 2; Reactivity: 0
FLASH POINT

50 C

STABILITY Stable under ordinary conditions. Light sensitive.

EXTERNAL LINKS & GENERAL DESCRIPTION

Wikipedia Linking

Material Safety Data Sheet

Google Scholar Search

Local: Propionic acid is a clear, colorless liquid with a slightly sweetish odor. It is soluble in water and alcohol; melts at -21 C, boils at 141 C. It is used as a preservative in feed and food industry directly or in the forms of ammonium propionate, calcium and sodium propionates. It is used to manufacture various propionates which used in the production of pharmaceuticals, antifungal agents, agrochemicals, plastics, plasticizers, rubber chemicals, dyes, artificial flavors and perfumery synthetics. It is used also as a solvent and in nickel-electroplating solutions.

SALES SPECIFICATION

APPEARANCE

clear liquid
ASSAY (GC)

99.5% min

WATER

0.1% max

COLOR, APHA

20 max

TRANSPORTATION
PACKING 200kgs in drum
HAZARD CLASS 8
UN NO. 1848
SAFETY INFORMATION
Hazard Symbols: C, Risk Phrases: 34, Safety Phrases: 9-16-23-33-36-45

GENERAL DESCRIPTION OF
CARBOXYLIC ACID
Carboxylic acid is an organic compound whose molecules contain carboxyl group and have the condensed chemical formula R-C(=O)-OH in which a carbon atom is bonded to an oxygen atom by a solid bond and to a hydroxyl group by a single bond), where R is a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, or an aryl group. Carboxylic acids can be synthesized if aldehyde is oxidized. Aldehyde can be obtained by oxidation of primary alcohol. Accordingly, carboxylic acid can be obtained by complete oxidation of primary alcohol. A variety of Carboxylic acids are abundant in nature and many carboxylic acids have their own trivial names. Examples are shown in table. In substitutive nomenclature, their names are formed by adding -oic acid' as the suffix to the name of the parent compound. The first character of carboxylic acid is acidity due to dissociation into H+ cations and RCOO- anions in aqueous solution. The two oxygen atoms are electronegatively charged and the hydrogen of a carboxyl group can be easily removed. The presence of electronegative groups next to the carboxylic group increases the acidity. For example, trichloroacetic acid is a stronger acid than acetic acid. Carboxylic acid is useful as a parent material to prepare many chemical derivatives due to the weak acidity of the hydroxyl hydrogen or due to the difference in electronegativity between carbon and oxygen. The easy dissociation of the hydroxyl oxygen-hydrogen provide reactions to form an ester with an alcohol and to form a water-soluble salt with an alkali. Almost infinite esters are formed through condensation reaction called esterification between carboxylic acid and alcohol, which produces water. The second reaction theory is the addition of electrons to the electron-deficient carbon atom of the carboxyl group. One more theory is decarboxylation (removal of carbon dioxide form carboxyl group). Carboxylic acids are used to synthesize acyl halides and acid anhydrides which are generally not target compounds. They are used as intermediates for the synthesis esters and amides, important derivatives from carboxylic acid in biochemistry as well as in industrial fields. There are almost infinite esters obtained from carboxylic acids. Esters are formed by removal of water from an acid and an alcohol. Carboxylic acid esters are used as in a variety of direct and indirect applications. Lower chain esters are used as flavouring base materials, plasticizers, solvent carriers and coupling agents. Higher chain compounds are used as components in metalworking fluids, surfactants, lubricants, detergents, oiling agents, emulsifiers, wetting agents textile treatments and emollients, They are also used as intermediates for the manufacture of a variety of target compounds. The almost infinite esters provide a wide range of viscosity, specific gravity, vapor pressure, boiling point, and other physical and chemical properties for the proper application selections. Amides are formed from the reaction of a carboxylic acids with an amine. Carboxylic acid's reaction to link amino acids is wide in nature to form proteins (amide), the principal constituents of the protoplasm of all cells. Polyamide is a polymer containing repeated amide groups such as various kinds of nylon and polyacrylamides. Carboxylic acid are in our lives.

ALIPHATIC CARBOXYLIC ACIDS

COMMON NAME

SYSTEMATIC NAME

CAS RN

FORMULA

MELTING POINT

Formic Acid

Methanoic acid 64-18-6

HCOOH

8.5 C
Acetic AcidEthanoic acid64-19-7CH3COOH

16.5 C

Carboxyethane Propionic Acid 79-09-4CH3CH2COOH

-21.5 C

Butyric Acidn-Butanoic acid 107-92-6CH3(CH2)2COOH

-8 C

Valeric Acidn-Pentanoic Acid 109-52-4CH3(CH2)3COOH

-19 C

Caproic Acidn-Hexanoic Acid 142-62-1CH3(CH2)4COOH

-3 C

Enanthoic Acidn-Heptanoic acid 111-14-8CH3(CH2)5COOH

-10.5 C

Caprylic Acidn-Octanoic Acid 124-07-2CH3(CH2)6COOH

16 C

alpha-Ethylcaproic Acid2-Ethylhexanoic Acid 149-57-5CH3(CH2)3CH(C2H5)COOH

-59 C

Valproic Acid2-Propylpentanoic Acid 99-66-1(CH3CH2CH2)2CHCOOH

120 C

Pelargonic Acidn-Nonanoic Acid 112-05-0CH3(CH2)7COOH

48 C

Capric Acid n-Decanoic Acid 334-48-5CH3(CH2)8COOH

31 C




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